In this study, we aimed to evaluate the reasons, results, diagnostic methods and management of the postoperative intra-abdominal septic complications causing postoperative mortality and morbidity.

Medical records of 2356 patients who underwent to laparotomy in Medical School of Firat University, Department of General Surgery between 1995 and 2004 were analyzed retrospectively.

Early postoperative intra-abdominal abscess and peritonitis developed in 21 patients (0.9%). 12 of these (57.1%) had intra-abdominal abscess and remains (42.9%) had peritonitis. The most causes of emergent and elective operations leading to postoperative intra-abdominal sepsis were penetrating abdominal traumas and colon tumours, respectively. Overall mortality rate was 23.8 % and multiple organ failure was main reason of mortality.

As a result, it is important to protect patients against postoperative intra-abdominal infections. The patients with high risk should be followed up closely. The most important points in diagnosis and treatment are to suspect and not to avoid from relaparotomy.