The liver is a vital organ that exhibits a high self-renewal ability when damaged. Today, the prevalence of liver diseases has increased due to heightened exposure to toxic substances, environmental factors, and lifestyle changes. This situation has made understanding liver regeneration and optimising this process more critical. Although liver transplantation is a common treatment option for end-stage chronic liver diseases, there are disadvantages, such as the difficulty of finding suitable organs and the risk of tissue rejection. Therefore, many researchers aim to develop new therapeutic approaches by studying the regenerative capacity of the liver. This review article details the liver regeneration process, the biological and molecular mechanisms involved, the animal models studied, and the signalling pathways. Thus, by addressing the changes in the regeneration process, this review article serves as a guide for future research and potential therapeutic strategies.