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Fırat University Journal of Health Sciences (Veterinary)
2026, Cilt 40, Sayı 2, Sayfa(lar) 113-120
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Evaluation of Fecal Characteristics in Cattle Seropositive for Mycobacterium avium Subsp. paratuberculosis
Yiğit KAÇAR1, Zafer MECİTOĞLU1, İ. Taci CANGÜL2, Thomas WITTEK3, Ezgi YUMUŞAK2, Hasan BATMAZ1
1Uludag University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bursa, TÜRKİYE
2Uludag University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Medical Pathology, Bursa, TÜRKİYE
3University Clinics for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, AUSTRİA
Keywords: Paratuberculosis, cattle, fecal stickiness, fecal consistency, clinical severity

Paratuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is a chronic, incurable, and economically important disease of cattle characterized by progressive diarrhea and weight loss. This study aimed to evaluate fecal consistency and fecal stickiness in MAP-seropositive cattle and to investigate their relationship with clinical disease severity. Twenty Holstein cattle with ELISA-confirmed clinical paratuberculosis (n=20) and ten ELISA-negative, clinically healthy control cattle (n=10) were included. Initially, fecal consistency and fecal stickiness were assessed using a simplified three-point scoring system by the same observer. Based on combined fecal consistency and stickiness scores, MAP-seropositive cattle were classified into mild (n=10) and moderate-to-severe (n=10) clinical groups. Subsequently, ileal histopathological examination was performed on tissue samples obtained at slaughter from MAP-seropositive cattle, including four animals from the mild group and four from the moderate–severe group. Fecal stickiness scores were significantly higher in the moderate-to-severe group than in the mild group (2.10 vs. 1.00; p<0.001), whereas fecal consistency scores showed only limited differences (2.00 vs. 1.40). Histopathological evaluation revealed variations in villus length, crypt depth, goblet cell count, and inflammatory scores between clinical groups; however, these findings did not demonstrate a clear correlation with the severity of clinical fecal alterations. Overall, fecal stickiness represents a previously undescribed fecal characteristic in cattle and is evaluated here for the first time in MAP-seropositive animals. Increased fecal stickiness may be clinically noticeable in cattle with paratuberculosis and could complement fecal consistency assessment during routine clinical evaluation.

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