The aim of this study was to search the presence of the possibility of natural and industrial fluorosis in the fluoride mines region of Keban district and around brickworks in Hicret suburb and Sivrice district. A total number of 397 animals (159 cattle and 238 sheep) were used in this investigation. Cattle were divided into 4 groups including control, and sheep into 3 groups including control.

Systematic clinical examination was carried out on all animals and during mouth and tooth examinations dental defects level +1 in eight and level +2 in two cattle and level +1 in forty-three sheep were observed.

Sera fluoride concentrations in all control and experimental cattle and sheep were below toxic limit. Average urine fluoride concentrations in cattle were 0.68±0.02 ppm in control, 1.83±0.15 ppm in group 1, 1.09±0.07 ppm in group 2 and 0.57+0.03 ppm in group 3. A statistically significant difference (p<0.01) was found between group 1 and other (i.e. 2, 3, and control) groups. In sheep, urine fluoride concentrations were found to be 0.75±0.01 ppm in group 1, 0.41±0.02 ppm in group 2 and 0.59±0.05 ppm in control.

Serum calcium, inorganic phosphate, alkaline phosphates values and average fluoride concentrations of bone and teeth ashes in both cattle and sheep were found to be within normal limits.

Radiographical and histopathological examinations of all bone and tooth samples showed no abnormal findings. In this study, the fluoride level determined in the water samples was 0.094-24.0 ppm.

Although no risk of industrial fluorosis was present in the investigated areas, the fluoride mines region of Keban district may present risk with respect to natural fluorosis.