The aim of this study was to identify genital tuberculosis identifications in patients with high blood Ca-125 levels, pelvic mass and signs of ascites. The study was carried out at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Firat University, Faculty of Medicine, Elazig. Eight cases admitted between September, 1997-September,2000 who were with pelvic mass, ascites and high levels of Ca125 and considered as ovarian cancer were included in the prospective, case controlled, intervention type study program. Clinical parameters consist of age, height, number of pregnancy, number of abortion and curettage, number of labor of the patients. For laboratory parameters, blood Ca level, histopathological examinations (probe curettage material and evacuated specimen examinations) and frozen sections at the time of operation. Smear and biochemical studies were accomplished for ascites fluid. For statistical analysis, complementary statistics, and for repeated calculations Wilcoxon Rank test was applied in which p<0.05 was accepted as meaningful. Results: Two patients out of 8 were postmenopausal and the remaining 6 were premenopausal patients. In 2 postmenopausal patients intraabdominal access via infraumbilical median incision failed due to the rigidity of M. rectus abdominis muscles, which entailed with bowel perforation. Primary repair was done and peritoneal biopsy materials were provided which proved to have tuberculous peritonitis by histological examination. Tuberculous endometritis was diagnosed from the probe curettage material provided from 3 premenopausal patients in the preoperative period. Only salpengectomy was done in the remaining 3 premanopausal patients because of the reason that the biopsies provided during operation were evaluated as either benign lesion or, tuberculosis; but in only one postoperatively a fistula was developed which healed spontaneously. Materials removed intraoperatively were diagnosed as tuberculosis; and antituberculous therapy was implemented in those patients. In 3 premanopausal patients with ascites, protein count was over 3g/dl in the fluid. The two premenopausal patient with the diagnosis of tuberculous endometritis were treated with TAH+BSO since no improvement was noted in sign of menorrhagia. Postoperatively chemotherapy was continued for over 12-18 months. Significant decrease in blood Ca level was noted at the end of 6 months (p<0.05, Wilcoxon Rank test). Tubal factor was considered in the remaining 3 cases because of young age and infertility problem and these cases were sent for IVF/ET investigations. Conclusion: Improper surgeries (debulking) may be prevented by means of preoperative probe curettage in the patients with high levels of blood Ca-125, pelvic mass and ascites who were found to have ovarian cancer and intraoperative frozen section investigations done particularly in the young ones. Postoperative likely complications may well be reduced if antituberculous therapy is implemented in the preoperative period. In the cases considered as of fibroadhesive form, open biopsy may prevent the complications.