In this study, the presence of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection in a naturally infected cattle herd was determined using nested-polymerase chain reaction (Nested-PCR) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum and blood samples from 65 animals in this herd were tested for BLV with nested-PCR and two different ELISA kits. According to ELISA examinations, 14 (21,5 %) of 65 animals were found as BLV seropositive. In the result of nested-PCR, 16 (24,6 %) of 65 samples were found positive for BLV proviral DNA. The findings of the present study suggest that despite several advantages of ELISA, serological tests when they were used alone might not be adequate in BLV eradication programmes.