Yaban domuzu, insan ve evcil hayvanlar için bir enfeksiyon kaynağı olduğundan, yaban domuzlarının sebze üretim birimlerine temasının önlenmesi ve gerekli sıhhi önlemlerden alınması gerekir.

Aacaris suum can rarely infect other animals than pigs including sheep and occasionally cattle which are not natural hosts. Bovine infections are characterized by acute, atypical interstitial pneumonia. Information about the A. suum infection in Turkey is quite limited^1,3. In Turkey, there is only one report that A. suum eggs were found in 9 of the faecal samples obtained from 208 domestic pigs in the Marmara region⁴.

The current case report describes pathological changes in a wild boar suffered from Ascaris suum in Turkey.

Macroscopical examination indicated subserosal multifocally distributed nodules in 1-2 mm diameter in jejunum and ileum (Figure 1). In the mucosal surface of small intestinal segments, there were adult ascarids embedded in the intestinal mucosa. The total number of the adult parasites were 17 and measured by 28 to 40 cm in length.

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Figure 1: A.B: Multifocal subserosal and submocosal nodules (arrows) where the mature ascarid worms attached to the ileum

The tissue samples from intestine, liver, lung, brain, and pancreas were fixed in 10% formalin solution. Paraffin blocks prepared by routine methods were cut approximately 5 μm in thickness and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) (5).

Microscopic examination showed that the parasites were embedded in necrotic mass in intestinal mucosa (Figure 2A) and surrounded by an inflammatory infiltrate including eosinophile leukocytes, few epithelioid macrophages and plasma cells (Figure 2B). The infiltrate was covered circumferentially by a thin fibrous capsule (Figure 2C). Mild lymphohistiocytic infiltration was also present in mucosal and muscular surfaces in neigboring intestinal wall. There was a fibrotic parasite tract in the liver (Figure 2D).

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Figure 2: Granulomatous enteritis composed of parasite, necrotic tissue debris (arrow), inflammatory infiltrate (arrow) and fibrous connective tissue, Bar: 50 μ; 2B: Inflammatory infiltrate composed of mainly eosinophilic granulocytes which are mostly degenerated (arrows), Bar:20 μ; 2C: Inflammatory infiltrate and fibrous capsula (arrow), Bar:20 μ; 2D: Hepatic fibrosis (arrow) indicating parasitic migratory tracts, Bar:50 μ

Microscopically there was moderate eosinophilic bronchiolitis characterized by the bronchioles surrounded by macrophages and eosinophil leucocytes in the lungs.

In conclusion, this report indicates that wild boar with A. suum infection might constitute health hazard for humans and domestic animals unless necessary health precautions are taken.

1) Uzal FA, Plattner BL, Hostetter JM, Maxie GM, Jubb KVF. Jubb, Kennedy and Palmer’s Pathology of Domestic Animals. 6nd edition, St. Louis: Elsevier, 2016.

2) Crompton DW. Ascaris and ascariasis. Adv Parasitol 2001; 48: 285-375.

3) Miller L, Colby K, Manning SE, et al. Ascariasis in humans and pigs on small-scale farms, maine, USA, 2010–2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases 2015; 21: 332-334.

4) Kıkırkoyun UH, Boral Ö, Metiner K, Ilgaz A. Investigation of ıntestinal parasites in pig feces that are also human pathogens. Türkiye Parazitol Der 2009; 33: 218-221.

5) Luna LG. Manual of Histologic Staining Methods of The Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. New York: The Blakiston Division, McGraw-Hill Book Company 1968.